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Educational Booklets on Medical Marijuana and Specific Medical Conditions

Safe Access California Legal Manual 2009

The History of Marijuana

Emerging Clinical Applications For Cannabis & Cannabinoids A Review of the Recent Scientific Literature, 2000 2008

Why Marijuana Should Be Legalized: An Expert's Perspective

Sen. Mike Gravel: Decriminalization and Regulation of Drugs

Why Cannabis Vaporization?

Curb Your Enthusiasm medical marijuana

Wikipedia.org - Marinol

wikipedia.org - Sativex

Wikipedia.org - Cannabis

Marinol vs. Natural Cannabis

PLAYBOY, MARIJUANA, HEFNER, TOMMY CHONG AND MICHELLE PHILLIPS

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A British Study of Cannabis (Circa 1910 AD)
 
A critical review of the research literature concerning some biological and psychological effects of cannabis Dr. Peter L. Nelson
Cannabis and the law in Queensland: A discussion paper. 1993
 
A Molecular Link between the Active Component of Marijuana and Alzheimer's Disease Pathology Eubanks et al.
Molecular Pharmaceutics ASAP Article 10.1021/mp060066m 9/8/06
 
A preliminary DTI study showing no brain structural change associated with adolescent cannabis use Delisi et al.
Harm Reduction Journal 2006, 3:17 (electronic publication ahead of print) 9 May 2006
 
A Report of the National Commission on Ganja to the Prime Minister of Jamaica Prof. Barry Chevannes, Chairman, et al
National Commission on Ganja, Jamaica Aug 7, 2001
 
A Review of Drugs Policy and Proposals for the Future The Association of Chief Police Officers
ACPO Drugs Committee April 2002
 
A Smoking Gun? The impact of cannabis smoking on respiratory health
The British Lung Foundation 11/11/02
 
Acute effects of smoked marijuana and oral d-9-thc on specific airway conductance in asthmatic subjects Tashkin, Shapiro, and Frank
American Review of Respiratory Disease, Volume 109, p. 420-428 1974
 
Adolescent precursors of cannabis dependence: findings from the Victorian Adolescent Health Cohort Study Coffey, Carlin, Lynskey, Li and Patton
The British Journal of Psychiatry 182: 330-336 2003
 
Adverse effects of cannabis Wayne Hall, Nadia Solowij
The Lancet, vol. 352, no. 9140, pp 1611-1616 14/11/98
 
After the War on Drugs - Options for Control Steve Rolles and Danny Kushlick
Transform Drug Policy Foundation 12/10/04
 
Altered Minds - Cannabis and various graphs and tables
Channel 4 Citizen's Commission on Drugs 1998
 
Alternative systems of cannabis control in New Zealand - A discussion paper
Drug Policy Forum Trust, Wellington July 1997
 
Alternative systems of cannabis control in New Zealand - References
Drug Policy Forum Trust, Wellington July 1997
 
An endocannabinoid mechanism for stress-induced analgesia Hohmann et al.
Nature vol 435 p1108-1112 23/06/05
 
An open-label pilot study of cannabis-based extracts for bladder dysfunction in advanced multiple sclerosis. Brady et al.
Multiple Sclerosis 10(4):425-33 August 2004
 
Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of constituents of Cannabis Sativa L. E.A. Formukong, A.T. Evans, and F.J. Evans
Inflammation, Vol 12, No. 4 1988
 
Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway 2004
European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drugs Addiction (EMCDDA) 25/11/04
 
Answers to frequently asked questions about marijuana use
The Drug Education Project
 
Anti-Tumor Effects GW Pharmaceuticals
 
Antiemetic effect of Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in patients receiving Cancer Chemotherapy Sallan, Stephen E., Norman E. Zinberg, and Emil Frei.
New England Journal of Medicine Vol. 293(16) 795-797. 1975
 
Antineoplastic activity of cannabinoids Munson, Harris, Friedman, Dewey and Carchman
Journal of the National Cancer Institute v55 no. 3 September 1975
 
Anxiety with Depression Research Review Edward Glick
Oregon Medical Marijuana Act Debilitating Medical Conditions Advisory Panel 27/03/00
 
Are cannabinoids an effective and safe treatment option in the management of pain? A qualitative systematic re Campbell et al.
British Medical Journal 323(7303):13-6 07/07/01
 
Attributes of long-term heavy cannabis users: a case-control study Gruber, Pope, Hudson and Yurgelun-Todd
Psychological Medicine, 33, 1415–1422. 2003
 
Back To Chernobyl Lila Guterman
New Scientist 10 April 1999
 
BMA report calls for change in law and development of new cannabis-based medicines
British Medical Association 18/11/97
 
Body's 'cannabis' could hold blood pressure key
BBC Online Dec 29, 1998
 
Brain chemicals mimic marijuana Johnathon S. Choi
Reuters Aug 1997
 
Building Toward The Future With Hemp Conde & Seber
High Times July 1994
 
Business: Hemp's good habits
The Economist Aug 1, 1998
 
Cannabidiol and D9-tetrahydrocannabinol are neuroprotective antioxidants Hampson, Grimaldi, Axelrod and Wink
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 95, pp. 8268–8273 July 1998
 
Cannabidiol: The Wonder Drug of the 21st Century?
 
Cannabinoid hyperemesis: cyclical hyperemesis in association with chronic cannabis abuse J H Allen, G M de Moore, R Heddle and J C Twartz
Gut 2004;53:1566-1570 November 2004
 
Cannabinoids and Brain Injury Mechoulam, Panikashvili, Shohami
TRENDS in Molecular Medicine Vol.8 No.2 February 2002
 
Cannabinoids block release of serotonin from platelets induced by plasma from migraine patients Volfe Z., Dvilansky A., Nathan I.
Int J Clin Pharm. Res V (4) 243-246 1985
 
Cannabinoids control spasticity and tremor in a multiple sclerosis model David Baker, et al.
Nature 20 Jan 2000
 
Cannabinoids for control of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting: quantitative systematic review Tramer et al.
British Medical Journal 2001;323:1–8 7/7/01
 
Cannabinoids for treatment of spasticity and other symptoms related to multiple sclerosis (CAMS study) Zajicek et al.
Lancet 2003; 362: 1517–26 2003
 
Cannabinoids on the Brain Andrew J. Irving, Mark G. Rae, Angela A. Coutts
TheScientificWorldJOURNAL (2002) 2, 632-648 2002
 
Cannabinoids promote embryonic and adult hippocampus neurogenesis and produce anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects Jiang et al.
Journal of Clinical Investigation [Electronic publication ahead of print] 13/10/05
 
Cannabinoids: Potential Anticancer Agents Manuel Guzman
Nature Reviews 1 Oct 2003
 
Cannabis (the Wootton Report) Advisory Committee On Drug Dependence
The Home Office 01/11/68
 
Cannabis - An update 1999 - 2002 Professor DJ Nutt & Dr JR Nash
Psychopharmacology Unit, University of Bristol March 2002
 
Cannabis - Government Response The House of Lords, Science and Technology Committee
4 March 1999
 
Cannabis - our position for a Canadian public policy Pierre Claude Nolin (Chair)
The Senate Special Committee on Illegal Drugs (Canada) September 2002
 
Cannabis amotivational syndrome and personality trait absorption: A review and reconceptualization Peter L. Nelson, Ph.D.
Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 14(1), 43-58. 1994-5
 
Cannabis and driving University of Adelaide and Transport SA
Australian Press 21 October 199
 
Cannabis and harm reduction Wendy Swift, Jane Copeland, Simon Lenton
Drug and Alcohol Review (2000) 19, 101-112 2000
 
Cannabis and Health Michael Farrell and Bruce Ritson
The British Journal of Psychiatry (2001) 178: 98 2001
 
Cannabis and pregnancy Balle J, Olofsson MJ, Hilden J
Ugeskr Laeger 161(36):5024-8 06/09/99
 
Cannabis and Psychiatric Pathology: An update Luis Dominguez
The Journal of Applied Research vol. 4 no. 1 2004
 
Cannabis and road safety - an outline of the research studies to examine the effects of cannabis on driving Dr G. B. Chesher
National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre University of New South Wales
 
Cannabis and schizophrenia: results of a follow-up study Dieter Caspari
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 249 :45–49 1999
 
Cannabis and the brain Leslie Iversen
Brain vol 126 p1252-1270. 2003
 
Cannabis and Tobacco Smoke are not Equally Carcinogenic Robert J Melamede
Harm Reduction Journal 2005, 2:21 18/10 /05
 
Cannabis and tobacco: responding to claims made by the British Lung Foundation and related news coverage
Action on Health and Smoking November 2002
 
Cannabis antagonists: a new era of social psychopharmacology? Nutt, D.
Journal of Psychopharmacology 19(1):3-4. January 2005
 
Cannabis effects and dependency concerns in long-term frequent users Andrew D. Hathaway, Ph.D.
Under peer review for the journal 'Addiction' 2002
 
Cannabis for migraine treatment: The once and future prescription? An historical and scientific review Russo E.
Pain 1998;76(1-2):3-8. 1998
 
Cannabis in Africa
Geopolitical Drugs Dispatch 1998/99
 
Cannabis in Asia
Geopolitical Drugs Dispatch 1998/99
 
Cannabis in Europe
Geopolitical Drugs Dispatch 1998/99
 
Cannabis in the Americas
Geopolitical Drugs Dispatch 1998/99
 
Cannabis intoxication and fatal road crashes in France: population based case-control study Bernard Laumon, Blandine Gadegbeku, Jean-Louis Martin, Marie-Berthe Biechel
British Medical Journal 2005; 331: 1371 10/12/2005
 
Cannabis Policy, Implementation and Outcomes van het Loo, Hoorens, van 't Hof, Kahan
RAND Europe 2003
 
Cannabis report of the Swiss Federal Commission for Drug Issues (EKDF)
Swiss Federal Commission for Drug Issues May 1999
 
Cannabis treatments in Obstetrics and Gynecology: A historical review Ethan Russo
Journal of Cannabis Therapeutics Vol. 2, No. 3/4, p5-35 2002
 
Cannabis Use and Cognitive Decline in Persons under 65 Years of Age Constantine G. Lyketsos, Elizabeth Garrett, Kung-Yee Liang, and James C. An
American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 149, No.9 pages 794-800 1 May 1999
 
Cannabis Use and Dependence in a New Zealand Birth Cohort David Ferguson and John Horwood
New Zealand Medical Journal 113 (1109): 1506-1508 12/05/00
 
Cannabis use and mental health in secondary school children: Findings from a Dutch survey Monshouwer et al.
The British Journal of Psychiatry (2006) 188: 148-153 February 2006
 
Cannabis use and mental health in young people: cohort study G C Patton, C Coffey, J B Carlin, L Degenhardt, M Lynskey, W Hall
The British Medical Journal vol 325 p 1195 23/11/02
 
Cannabis use and misuse prevalence among people with psychosis Bob Green, Ross Young and David Kavanagh
The British Journal of Psychiatry (2005) 187: 306-313 2005
 
Cannabis use and psychosis: a longitudinal population-based study van Os J, Bak M, Hanssen M, Bijl RV, de Graaf R, Verdoux H
American Journal of Epidemiology 156(4):319-27 15/08/02
 
Cannabis use and psychosis: a review of clinical and epidemiological evidence Wayne Hall and Louisa Degenhardt
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 34(1): 26-34 February 2000
 
Cannabis use and pyschosis Wayne Hall
Problematic Alcohol & Drug Use & Mental Illness, Melbourne February 1998
 
Cannabis use and the risk of later schizophrenia: a review Filip Smit, Linda Bolier & Pim Cuijpers
Addiction Vol. 99 Issue 4 Page 425 April 2004
 
Cannabis use in adolescence and risk for adult psychosis: longitudinal prospective study L Arseneault, M Cannon, R Poulton, R Murray, A Caspi, T Moffitt
The British Medical Journal vol 325 p 1212 23/11/02
 
Cannabis use is associated with schizotypy and attentional disinhibition Patrick D. Skosnika, Lea Spatz-Glenna, Sohee Park
Schizophrenia Research 48 (2001) 83-92 2001
 
Cannabis use predicts future psychotic symptoms, and vice versa Ferdinand et al.
Addiction 100(5):605-11. May 2005
 
Cannabis use to enhance sportive and non-sportive performances among French sport students Lorente at al.
Addictive Behaviors 30(7):1382-91 August 2005
 
Cannabis use, a stepping stone to other drugs? The case of Amsterdam Peter Cohen & Arjan Sas
CEDRO Centre for Drug Research, University of Amsterdam 1997
 
Cannabis Vaporizer Combines Efficient Delivery of THC with Effective Suppression of Pyrolytic Compounds Gieringer, St. Laurent, Goodrich
Journal of Cannabis Therapeutics, Vol. 4(1) 2004
 
Cannabis – Proposals for a Harm Reduction Strategy J. Ditchfield, S. Lucas Brewer
Oct 04, revise
 
Cannabis, cannabinoids and reproduction Boram Park, John McPartland and Michelle Glass
Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids 70 189–197 2004
 
Cannabis, Cognition, and Residual Confounding Harrison G. Pope, Jr, MD
Journal of the American Medical Association 2002;287 no. 9 06/03/02
 
Cannabis, social control and exclusion: the importance of social ties Amnon J. Suissa
International Journal of Drug Policy Vol 12, 5-6, pp 385-396 01/11/01
 
Cannabis-induced psychosis and subsequent schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: follow-up study of 535 incident cases Arendt M, Rosenberg R, Foldager L, Perto G, Munk-Jorgensen P.
British Journal of Psychiatry 2005 Dec;187:510-5. December 2005
 
Cannabis: Medical reality versus authoritarian brutality Ian Williams Goddard
1996
 
Cannabis: The Scientific And Medical Evidence The House of Lords, Science and Technology Committee
4 Nov 1998
 
Causal association between cannabis and psychosis - examination of the evidence Arseneault, Cannon, Witton and Murray
British Journal of Psychiatry.184(2):110-117. February 2004
 
Cerebellar Infarction in Adolescent Males Associated With Acute Marijuana Use Geller T, Loftis L, Brink DS.
Pediatrics (2004) 113;4:365-370 04/04/04
 
Cerebrovascular perfusion in marijuana users during a month of monitored abstinence Herning et al.
Neurology 2005;64:488-493 2005
 
Changes in anandamide levels in mouse uterus are associated with uterine receptivity for embryo implantation Schmid, Paria, Krebsbach, Schmid, Dey
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 94(8):4188-92. 15/04/97
 
Changes in maternal marital status are associated with young adults' cannabis use: evidence from a 21-year follow-up of a birth cohort Hayatbakhsh et al.
International Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access 05/04/06
 
Cigarettes, Alcohol and Marijuana: Varying Associations with Birthweight Jennie Kline, Zena Stein and Michelle Hutzler
International Association of Epidemiology, Vol. 16, No. 1 1987
 
Clinical Studies and Case Reports
International Association for Cannabis as Medicine
 
Cognitive functioning of long-term heavy cannabis users seeking treatment (and responses) Nadia Solowij et al.
Journal of the American Medical Association 2002;287:1123-1131 06/03/02
 
Comparing cannabis with tobacco (and responses) Henry, Oldfield and Kon
British Medical Journal 326:942-943 03/05/2003
 
Comparing cannabis with tobacco - again Stephen Sidney
British Medical Journal 2003;327:635-636 20/09/03
 
Compounds found in Cannabis Sativa Schultes and Hofmann
The Botany and Chemistry of Hallucinogens
 
Conference on Cannabis Sativa L.
14/01/37
 
Control by the endogenous cannabinoid system of ras oncogene-dependent tumor growth Maurizio Bifulco et al.
Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Journal 29/10/01
 
Counterblast to the I.O.M. Peter Webster
International Journal of Drug Policy 1999
 
Crew 2000 Annual Shop Survey 2005
Crew 2000 29/03/06
 
Crime and the Drug War Kirby R. Cundiff
Claustrophobia August 1994
 
Criminal Policy Resarch Unit at the ACPO Drugs Conference Tiggy May
Association of Chief Police Officers drugs conference 2002, Blackpool 05/09/02
 
Dangerous Habits
The Lancet, vol. 352 no. 9140, pp1565 14/11/98
 
Decreased depression in marijuana users Denson and Earleywine
Addictive Behaviors (electronic publication ahead of print) 17/06/05
 
Decriminalisation in Europe? Recent developments in legal approaches to drug use
European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drugs Addiction (EMCDDA) November 2001
 
Delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) inhibits lytic replication of gamma oncogenic herpesviruses in vitro Medveczky, Sherwood, Klein, Friedman, and Medveczky
BMC Medicine 2004, 2:34 15/09/04
 
Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannibinol as an antiemetic in cancer patients receiving high-dose Methotrexate Chang et al.
Annals of Internal Medicine 91: 819-824 December 1979
 
Differential cannabinoid receptor signaling by anandamide directs blastocyst activation for implantation Wang, Matsumoto, Guo, Paria, Roberts, Dey
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences vol 100, no 25, 14914-14919 9/12/03
 
Differential effects of medical marijuana based on strain and route of administration:A three-year observation Valerie Leveroni Corral
Wo/Men's Alliance for Medical Marijuana 2001
 
Differential effects of THC- or CBD-rich cannabis extracts on working memory in rats Fadda et al.
Neuropharmacology Vol 47, Issue 8, Pages 1170-1179 December 2004
 
Differential Roles of CB1 and CB2 Cannabinoid Receptors in Mast Cells Samson et al.
The Journal of Immunology, 2003, 170: 4953–4962 2003
 
Discussion paper on Cannabis Pierre Claude Nolin (Chair)
The Senate Special Committee on Illegal Drugs (Canada) May 2002
 
Do cannabis-based medicinal extracts have general or specific effects on symptoms in multiple sclerosis? Wade et al.
Multiple Sclerosis 10(4):434-441 August 2004
 
Does cannabis lead to taking other drugs?
ISDD FAQ
 
Does heavy marijuana use impair human cognition and brain function? Robert I. Block
Journal of the American Medical Association vol 275(7) pp560-562 21/02/96
 
Does the cannabinoid dronabinol reduce central pain in multiple sclerosis? Svendsen, Jensen, Bach
British Medical Journal 329 (7460): 253 31/07/04
 
Dopamine and the dependence liability of marijuana Jon Gettman
11/07/97
 
Dose related risk of motor vehicle crashes after cannabis use Ramaekers, Berghaus, van Laar, Drummer
Drug and Alcohol Dependence 73 (2004) 109–119 2004
 
Drug Advisory Council Report
Victoria State Government's Drug Advisory Council 10/04/96
 
Drug Classification: Making a hash of it? Phil Willis et al.
House of Commons Science and Technology Committee 18th July 2006
 
Drug Misuse Statistics Scotland 2003
ISD Scotland 2003
 
Drug policies in Europe Anita Gradin
Round table - EC office of the Narcotics Control Board (ONCB) 13/11/97
 
Drug Policy and Crime Statistics
Dutch Embassy website 06/08/98
 
Drug seizure and offender statistics UK 2001-2002 Maryam Ahmad and Lungowe Mwenda
Home Office Research, Development and Statistics Directorate 15/07/04
 
Drug seizure and offender statistics UK 2001-2002 area tables Maryam Ahmad and Lungowe Mwenda
Home Office Research, Development and Statistics Directorate 15/07/04
 
Drug seizure and offender statistics UK 2001-2002 supplementary tables Maryam Ahmad and Lungowe Mwenda
Home Office Research, Development and Statistics Directorate 15/07/04
 
Drug Testing in the Workplace Chair: Ruth Evans
Independent Inquiry into Drug Testing at Work 28/06/04
 
Drug use, smoking & drinking among young people in England in 2003 Richard Boreham and Sarah Blenkinsop
National Centre for Social Research / National Foundation for Educational R 17/12/04
 
Drug use, smoking and drinking among young people in England in 2003 - Headline Figures
National Centre for Social Research/Nat Foundation for Educational Research 2004
 
Drug War Facts
Common Sense for Drug Policy 2001
 
Drugs and accident risk in fatally-injured drivers Ola H. Drummer
Victorian Institute of Forensic Pathology, Monash University, Australia
 
Drugs and Driving Alcohol and Drugs Foundation of Australia
Alcohol and Drugs Foundation of Australia
 
Drugs and the law - Report of the Independent Inquiry into the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 Chairman: Viscountess Runciman
The Police Foundation 1999
 
Drugs of abuse and the elicitation of human agressive behavior Hoaken and Stewart
Addictive Behaviors 28 1533–1554 2003
 
Drugs policy in the Netherlands
Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport, The Netherlands April 1997
 
Dutch drug policy and cannabis
Netherlands Institute for Alcohol and Drugs 20/11/96
 
Early adolescent cannabis exposure and positive and negative dimensions of psychosis Stefanis, Delespaul, Henquet, Bakoula, Stefanis, Van Os
Addiction October 2004
 
Economics of the Narcotics Industry Conference Report Peter Reuter
Conference sponsered by Bureau of Intelligence and Research 21-22 Nov 1994
 
Effect of marihuana on intraocular and blood pressure in glaucoma Merritt, Crawford, Alexander, Anduze and Gelbart
Ophthalmology Vol. 87, No. 3, pp. 222-228 March 1980
 
Effects of cannabis and psychosis vulnerability in daily life: an experience sampling test study Verdoux et al.
Psychological Medicine, 2003, 33, 23-32. 2003
 
Effects of frequent marijuana use on brain tissue volume and composition Robert I. Block et al
NeuroReport Nov/Dec 1999
 
Effects of marijuana on the lung and its immune defenses Donald P. Tashkin, M.D.
Secretary's Youth Substance Abuse Prevention Intiative: Resource Papers March 1997
 
Effects of Smoked Marijuana in Experimentally Induced Asthma Tashkin, Shapiro, Lee and Harper
American Review of Respiratory Disease, Vol. 112 1975
 
Effects of varying marijuana potency on deposition of tar and D9-THC in the lung during smoking Matthias, Tashkin, Marques-Magallanes, Wilkins, Simmons
Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behaviour 58:4 pp1145-1150 1997
 
Effects of water filtration on marijuana smoke: a literature review Nicholas V. Cozzi
Multidisc. Assoc. Psychedelic Studies, 4 (2), 4-6 1993
 
Efficacy of two cannabis based medicinal extracts for relief of central neuropathic pain from brachial plexus Berman, Symonds, Birch
Pain 112 (2004) 299–306 2004
 
Efficacy, safety and tolerability of an...cannabis extract in the treatment of spasticity in...MS Vaney et al.
Multiple Sclerosis 10(4):417-24 August 2004
 
EMCDDA Insights 6 - An overview of cannabis potency in Europe Leslie A. King
European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction 25/06/04
 
Emerging properties of cannabinoid medicines in management of multiple sclerosis. Pryce G, Baker D.
Trends in Neurosciences 28(5):272-6 May 2005
 
Endocannabinoid metabolism in human glioblastomas and meningiomas compared to human non-tumour brain tissue Petersen et al.
Journal of Neurochemistry 93(2):299-309 April 2005
 
Endocrine Effects of Marijuana Todd T. Brown, MD, and Adrian S. Dobs, MD, MHS
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2002;42:90S-96S 2002
 
Epidemiologic review of marijuana use and cancer risk Hashibe et al.
Alcohol 35(3):265-75. April 2005
 
Escalation of Drug Use in Early-Onset Cannabis Users vs Co-twin Controls Lynskey, Heath, Bucholz, Slutske, Madden, Nelson, Statham, Martin
Journal of the American Medical Association 289:427-433 2003
 
Estimated cannabis use in the Netherlands substantially lower
Centre for Drug Research, University of Amsterdam (CEDRO) 14/04/98
 
Ethnicity and drug use: key findings from the 2001/2002 British Crime Survey Rebbecca Aust and Nicola Smith
Home Office Research, Development and Statistics Directorate 04/12/03
 
Evaluating alternative cannabis regimes Robert MacCoun and Peter Reuter
The British Journal of Psychiatry vol. 178 pp. 123-128 February 2001
 
Evaluation of Lambeth's Pilot of Warnings for Possesion of Cannabis - Summary
PSS Consultancy Group
 
Evaluation of Volcano vaporizer for efficient emission of THC,CBD,CBN and reduction/elimination of PNA Analyte
Chemic Laboratories, Inc. 15/04/03
 
Evaluation report following the re-classification of cannabis Commissioner
Metropolitan Police Authority 25/11/04
 
Excerpt from the Merck Manual Robert Berkow
Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, 15th edition 1987
 
Expert reports
Potology, by the Manchester 'Lifeline' Drugs Agency
 
Exposing marijuana myths: A review of the scientific evidence Zimmer and Morgan
 
Extracts from The Forbidden Fruit and the Tree of Knowledge Bonnie and Whitebread
Virginia Law Review vol. 56 no. 6 October 1970
 
Federal Bureau of Prisons Quick Facts
Federal Bureau of Prisons June 1997
 
For and against: Cannabis control: costs outweigh the benefits Wodak, Reinarman, Cohen, Drummond
British Medical Journal 2002;324:105-108 12/01/02
 
Further consideration of the classification of cannabis under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 Sir Michael Rawlins (Chairman)
Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD) 19/01/06
 
Geographical Variations in Drug Use - Key findings from the 2001/02 British Crime Survey Rebbecca Aust and Joanne Condon
Home Office Statistical Bulletin 15/03 04/12/03
 
Hansard Statistics
House of Commons Hansard 1998
 
Health aspects of cannabis. Hollister LE.
Pharmacological Reviews 1986 Mar;38(1):1-20. March 1986
 
Heavy habitual marjiuana smoking does not cause an accelerated decline in FEV1 with age Tashkin, Simmons, Sherrill, Coulson
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 155 p141-148 1997
 
Hemp And The New Energy Technologies Jon Gettman
 
Hemp for headache: An in-depth historical and scientific review of cannabis in migraine treatment Russo E.
Journal of Cannabis Therapeutics 2001;1(2):21-92. 2001
 
Hemp for Victory Department of Agriculture
US Govt. 1942
 
Hemp Hits Its Stride Claire Cockcroft
The Guardian May 10, 2001
 
Hemp oil, natural hempress-a new cosmetic ingredient
Drug & Cosmetic Industry Sep 1998
 
Hemp Seed Oil, The Wonder Oil for the New Millennium Kristin Speiser, Michael Pobeda and Laurent Sousselier
Happi June 1999
 
Hemp variations as pulp source researched in the Netherlands de Meijer, E. P. M.
Pulp and Paper Jul 1993
 
Hemp: A New Crop With New Uses For North America Ernest Small and David Marcus
Trends in New Crops and New Uses, ASHS Press, VA 2002
 
How drug prohibition finances and otherwise enables terrorism Eugene Oscapella
Lisbon International Symposium on Global Drug Policy 24/10/03
 
How the Federal Government is blocking medicinal marijuana research
The Marijuana Policy Project
 
HU308 - A specific agonist for CB2, a peripheral cannabinoid receptor L. Hanus et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 96:25, 14228-14233 07/12/99
 
Illicit Drugs and Crime Benson, Bruce L., and David W. Rasmussen
Independent Policy Report: Illicit Drugs and Crime. Oakland, CA. 1996
 
Improving the quality of the cannabis debate: defining the different domains John Strang, John Witton, Wayne Hall
British Medical Journal 320(7227):108-10 08/01/00
 
Impulsivity, negative expectancies, and marijuana use: a test of the acquired preparedness model Vangsness et al.
Addictive Behaviors 30(5):1071-6 June 2005
 
Inhibition of Glioma Growth in Vivo by Selective Activation of the CB2 cannabinoid receptor Cristina Sanchez et al.
Cancer Research 61, 5784-5789 01/08/01
 
Inhibition of skin tumor growth and angiogenesis in vivo by activation of cannabinoid receptors M. Llanos Casanova et al.
Journal of Clinical Investigation 111:43-50 2003
 
Initial experiences with medicinal extracts of cannabis for chronic pain: Results from 34 'N of 1' studies Notcutt, Price, Miller, Newport, Phillips, Simmons and Sansom
Anaesthesia, 2004, 59, pp440–452 2004
 
Initiation and progression of cannabis use in a population-based Australian adolescent longitudinal study Coffey C, Lynskey M, Wolfe R, Patton GC.
Addiction. 2000 Nov;95(11):1679-90 November 2000
 
Inquiry into the public health strategies related to cannabis use and the most appropriate legal status Steve Chadwick, Chairperson
New Zealand Health Committee August 2003
 
Is cannabis an anti-antipsychotic? The experience in psychiatric intensive care Isaac M, Isaac M, Holloway F
Human Psychopharmacology 2005 Apr;20(3):207-10. April 2005
 
Is nicotine addictive? Philip J. Hilts
New York Times 02/08/1994
 
Known drug-related deaths in the UK, 1990
Various 1990
 
Legalisation: The First Hundred Years - What happened when drugs were legal and why they were prohibited Mike Jay
Institute for Public Policy Research conference 17/07/02
 
Legalising cannabis - A proposal Francis Wilkinson
 
Letter to Dr Lester Grinspoon Beverly Urbanek
University of Mississippi June 12, 1996
 
Licit and illicit drug use in Amsterdam II, Report of 1994 survery on prevalence of drug use J.P. Sandwijk, P.D.A. Cohen, S. Musterd and M.P.S. Langemeijer
Instituut voor Sociale Geografie, Universiteit van Amsterdam 1995
 
Licit and illicit drug use in Amsterdam III - Developments in drug use 1987-1997 M.D. Abraham, P.D.A. Cohen, R. van Til and M.P.S. Langemeijer
CEDRO Centre for Drug research, University of Amsterdam 1998
 
Licit and illicit drug use in Amsterdam, 1987 to 2001. Development of drug use in Amsterdam Abraham, Manja D., Hendrien L. Kaal, Peter D.A. Cohen
CEDRO Centrum voor Drugsonderzoek, University of Amsterdam 2003
 
Licit and illicit drug use in the Netherlands, 1997 M. Abraham, P. Cohen, R. van Til, M. de Winter
CEDRO Centrum voor Drugsonderzoek, Universiteit van Amsterdam 1999
 
Long-term marijuana users suffer few health problems, Australian study indicates
NORML 20/03/97
 
Low dose oral cannabinoid therapy reduces progression of atherosclerosis in mice Steffens et al.
Nature 434, 782 - 786 07/04/05
 
Marijauna and the brain part 2: The tolerance factor Jon Gettman
High Times July 1995
 
Marijauna and the human brain Jon Gettman
High Times March 1995
 
Marijuana (MJ) impacts sperm function both in vivo and in vitro: semen analyses from men smoking marijuana Burkman LJ, Bodziak ML, Schuel H, Palaszewski D, Gurunatha R.
Fertility and Sterility 80(S3):231. September 2003
 
Marijuana - a missed market opportunity? Lisa Nainggolan
Scrip World Pharmaceutical News December 1997
 
Marijuana - The First Twelve Thousand Years Ernest L. Abel
1980
 
Marijuana and actual driving performance HWJ Robbe Institute for Human Psychopharmacology, University of Maastricht
U.S. Department of Transportation November 1993
 
Marijuana and medicine: Assessing the science base Janet E. Joy, Stanley J. Watson, Jr., and John A. Benson, Jr., Editors
US Institute of Medicine (IOM) 1999
 
Marijuana and the Gateway Theory
NORML report November 1996
 
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Some cannabis research from 1975 - present
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Study gauges secondhand smoke toll
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Targeting CB2 cannabinoid receptors as a novel therapy to treat malignant lymphoblastic disease Robert J. McKallip et al
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The budgetary implications of marijuana legalization in Massachusetts Jeffrey A. Miron
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Pro medical marijuana

Con medical marijuana

"The evidence is overwhelming that marijuana can relieve certain types of pain, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms caused by such illnesses as multiple sclerosis, cancer and AIDS -- or by the harsh drugs sometimes used to treat them. And it can do so with remarkable safety. Indeed, marijuana is less toxic than many of the drugs that physicians prescribe every day."

-- Joycelyn Elders, M.D.
former U.S. Surgeon General, 3/26/04

"The American Medical Association (AMA) calls for further adequate and well-controlled studies of marijuana and related cannabinoids in patients who have serious conditions for which preclinical, anecdotal, or controlled evidence suggests possible efficacy and the application of such results to the understanding and treatment of disease.

The AMA recommends that marijuana be retained in Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act pending the outcome of such studies."

-- American Medical Association
June 2001

"The evidence in this record [9-6-88 ruling] clearly shows that marijuana has been accepted as capable of relieving the distress of great numbers of very ill people, and doing so with safety under medical supervision. It would be unreasonable, arbitrary and capricious for DEA to continue to stand between those sufferers and the benefits of this substance in light of the evidence in this record."

-- Judge Francis L. Young
DEA Administrative Law Judge
September 1988

"Smoked marijuana damages the brain, heart, lungs, and immune system. It impairs learning and interferes with memory, perception, and judgment. Smoked marijuana contains cancer-causing compounds and has been implicated in a high percentage of automobile crashes and workplace accidents."

-- John Walters, Director
Office of National Drug Control Policy
March 2002

"I grew up knowing that cannabis could be a medicine... I'm not aware of any proven long-term [harmful] effects from cannabis. People have been trying to find major risks [from marijuana], but I've never seen any documented. We know if you smoke cannabis your chances of getting lung cancer are less than if you don't smoke anything at all."

-- David Bearman, M.D.
3/1/06 phone interview with ProCon.org

"Although I understand many believe marijuana is the most effective drug in combating their medical ailments, I would caution against this assumption due to the lack of consistent, repeatable scientific data available to prove marijuana's medical benefits.

Based on current evidence, I believe that marijuana is a dangerous drug and that there are less dangerous medicines offering the same relief from pain and other medical symptoms."

-- Sen. Bill Frist, M.D. (R-TN)
Oct. 20, 2003 letter to ProCon.org

"Just 9% of those who have used the drug [marijuana] develop dependence. By comparison, 15% of drinkers become dependent on alcohol, 23% of heroin users get hooked, and a third of tobacco smokers [33 1/3%] become slaves to cigarettes."

-- Time Magazine
November 4, 2002

"Marijuana is an addictive drug with significant health consequences to its users and others. Users can become dependent on marijuana to the point they must seek treatment to stop abusing it."

-- U.S. DEA
website, February 2003

"From working with AIDS and cancer patients, I repeatedly saw how marijuana could ameliorate a patient's debilitating fatigue, restore appetite, diminish pain, remedy nausea, cure vomiting and curtail down-to-the-bone weight loss."

-- Kate Scannell, M.D. 2/16/03

"There is no legitimate medical use whatsoever for marijuana. This [marijuana] is not medicine. This is bogus witchcraft. It has no place in medicine, no place in pain relief, and it has no place around our children."

-- Bob Barr (R-GA)
Former Congressman, in his debate with radio talk show host Neil Boortz - May 14, 2002

"There are really no other medications that have the same mechanisms of action as marijuana. Dronabinol (Marinol) is available by prescription in capsules, but has the distinct disadvantage of containing only synthetic delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) which is only one of many therapeutically beneficial cannabinoids in the natural plant."

-- Gregory T. Carter, M.D.
October, 2003

"Marinol differs from the crude plant marijuana because it consists of one pure, well-studied, FDA-approved pharmaceutical in stable known dosages. Marijuana is an unstable mixture of over 400 chemicals including many toxic psychoactive chemicals which are largely unstudied and appear in uncontrolled strengths."

-- California Narcotics Officers Association
in their policy statement "The Use of Marijuana as a Medicine", published on their website (as of 10/31/05)

"In the anti-smoking environment we live in, many people believe that smoking anything is detrimental to the pulmonary system. I, personally, believe that living in a polluted urban environment represents more of a pulmonary risk...

[T]he titration precision of the pulmonary route [smoking] allows the physicians to give the patient the responsibility for establishing his own dosage."

-- Lester Grinspoon, M.D.
Professor of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 6/24/05

"The major potential pulmonary consequences of habitual marijuana use of particular relevance to patients with AIDS is superimposed pulmonary infection, which could be life threatening in the seriously immonocompromised patient."

-- Donald P. Tashkin, M.D.
Journal of Cannabis Therapeutics
Vol. 1, No. 3/4, 2001, pp. 87-102

"While it is not possible with existing data to determine conclusively that state medical marijuana laws caused the documented declines in adolescent marijuana use, the overwhelming downward trend strongly suggests that the effect of state medical marijuana laws on teen marijuana use has been either neutral or positive, discouraging youthful experimentation with the drug."

-- Mitch Earleywine, Ph.D. & Karen O’Keefe, Esq. "Marijuana Use by Young People: The Impact
of State Medical Marijuana Laws," 9/05

"By characterizing the use of illegal drugs as quasi-legal, state-sanctioned, Saturday afternoon fun, legalizers destabilize the societal norm that drug use is dangerous. They undercut the goals of stopping the initiation of drug use to prevent addiction.... Children entering drug abuse treatment routinely report that they heard that 'pot is medicine' and, therefore, believed it to be good for them."

-- Andrea Barthwell, M.D.
Deputy Director,
White House Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) - 2/17/04

"RECOMMENDATION: Short-term use of smoked marijuana (less than vomiting) must meet the following conditions:

failure of all approved medications to provide relief has been documented,

the symptoms can reasonably be expected to be relieved by rapid-onset cannabinoid drugs,

such treatment is administered under medical supervision in a manner that allows for assessment of treatment effectiveness, and

involves an oversight strategy comparable to an institutional review board process that could six months) for patients with debilitating symptoms (such as intractable pain or provide guidance within 24 hours of a submission by a physician to provide marijuana to a patient for a specified use.

-- Institute of Medicine Report
1999 -
Page 179

"The [1999] U.S. Institute of Medicine study concluded that smoking marijuana is not recommended for the treatment of any disease condition."

-- U.S. DEA
letter to
ProCon.org,
January 2002

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